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Thank you for your answers.

Following the advise of Nathanael, I tried to increase -lr and decrease -lw. My aim is to generate the same illuminance value without the use of the ambient file as I get using it.

I have tried -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001. The results are still (for zone 2):

With ambient file (created in rtrace for zone 1): 211.394704

Without ambient file: 203.645436

The new run.bat file is:

echo This result file is to show that usage of ambient file increases illuminance > res.txt

gensky -ang 0 45 -b 22.86 -c -m 0 -g 0.2 > sky.mat 

oconv sky.mat sky.rad materials.mat zone1.rad zone2.rad shade.rad > scene.oct

echo Zone 1 without ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt

echo Zone 2 without ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p2.pnt  | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt

echo Zone 1 without ambient file but with large ab >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 2 without ambient file but with large ab >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p2.pnt  | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 1 with ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa -af ambf.amb scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 2 with ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa -af ambf.amb scene.oct < p2.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo The illuminance in zone 2 is higher when using ambient files than without it. Such a high value can not be achieved by using a very large ab. >> res.txt

del ambf.amb
del scene.oct
del sky.mat

The result file is:

This result file is to show that usage of ambient file increases illuminance 
Zone 1 without ambient file 
189.745012
Zone 2 without ambient file 
193.791486
Zone 1 without ambient file but with large ab 
195.498072
Zone 2 without ambient file but with large ab 
203.645436
Zone 1 with ambient file 
189.745012
Zone 2 with ambient file 
211.394704
The illuminance in zone 2 is higher when using ambient files than without it. Such a high value can not be achieved by using a very large ab.

Thank you for your answers.

Following the advise of Nathanael, I tried to increase -lr and decrease -lw. My aim is to generate the same illuminance value without the use of the ambient file as I get using it.

I have tried -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001. The results are still (for zone 2):

With ambient file (created in rtrace for zone 1): 211.394704

Without ambient file: 203.645436

So I am closer than before, but still not there.

The new run.bat file is:

echo This result file is to show that usage of ambient file increases illuminance > res.txt

gensky -ang 0 45 -b 22.86 -c -m 0 -g 0.2 > sky.mat 

oconv sky.mat sky.rad materials.mat zone1.rad zone2.rad shade.rad > scene.oct

echo Zone 1 without ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt

echo Zone 2 without ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p2.pnt  | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt

echo Zone 1 without ambient file but with large ab >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 2 without ambient file but with large ab >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 500 -lr 1000 -lw 0.000000001 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa scene.oct < p2.pnt  | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 1 with ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa -af ambf.amb scene.oct < p1.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo Zone 2 with ambient file >> res.txt
rtrace -ab 5 -h -I+ -ov -u- -faa -af ambf.amb scene.oct < p2.pnt | rcalc -ia -oa -e $1=179*(0.265*$1+0.67*$2+0.065*$3); >> res.txt 

echo The illuminance in zone 2 is higher when using ambient files than without it. Such a high value can not be achieved by using a very large ab. >> res.txt

del ambf.amb
del scene.oct
del sky.mat

The result file is:

This result file is to show that usage of ambient file increases illuminance 
Zone 1 without ambient file 
189.745012
Zone 2 without ambient file 
193.791486
Zone 1 without ambient file but with large ab 
195.498072
Zone 2 without ambient file but with large ab 
203.645436
Zone 1 with ambient file 
189.745012
Zone 2 with ambient file 
211.394704
The illuminance in zone 2 is higher when using ambient files than without it. Such a high value can not be achieved by using a very large ab.