Question-and-Answer Resource for the Building Energy Modeling Community
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I looked into your IDF file. There are several causes.
You should first read the description of AirTerminal: SingleDuct: VAV: Reheat in Input Output Reference to understand how it works.
Damper Heating Action of AirTerminal: SingleDuct: VAV: Reheatin your IDF file is Normal. It keeps the supply airflow minimum and changes the suplly air temperature during heating operation. For your puopose, you should change it to Reverse or ReverseWithLimits.
You input 32.2°C in Rated Outlet Air Temperature of Coil:Heating:Water, but this input field is not for the constant supply air temperature setpoint. It is only referenced when sizing the coil. 32.2°C is also input in Maximum Reheat Air Temperature of AirTerminal: SingleDuct: VAV: Reheat. When the heating load is high, the supply air temperature is capped at this value and the supply airflow rate is increased instead as the heating load increases. FYI, SetpointManager:Warmest is used only for cooling supply air temperature. Sizing:Zone does not ensure the supply air temperature. SetpointManager:SingleZone:Reheat is not relevant since it is for variable temperature system.
When the heating load is very low, the suply airflow rate is fixed to minimum airflow rate, and the supply air temperature decreases instead. In order to avoid this change in air supply temperature as much as possible, it is better to set a minimum airflow rate as small as possible. Now Constant Minimum Air Flow Fraction of AirTerminal: SingleDuct: VAV: Reheatis set to 0.3. You may be able to set it a little smaller e.g., 0.2. The actual VAV has a fixed range of airflow, so please refer to a specific manufacturer's VAV catalogue if available. If Constant Minimum Air Flow Fraction is set to 0, the airflow rate is always fixed at 0, and you will have so many unmet hours in heating.
Or I guess that you always want to ensure the outdoor airflow rate. If so, another way to set the minimum airflow is to specifically input the outdoor airflow rate in Fixed Minimum Air Flow Rate, as follows:
The heating load in your model is not so high because there are a lot of internal heat generation (Lights, ElectricEquipment and People). Even in winter, the heating load is only on weekends in your model when the internal heat generation is low. As a test, I deleted all the internal heat generation and the graph shows the ideal air supply temperature.
Please refer to the simulation result of my case study below. I changed the parameters I mentioned. Please focus on the weekends only (weekdays are in cooling mode). Minimum airflow rate is Original > Rev2 > Rev3, so the supply air temperature is Original < Rev2 < Rev3. I guess that Rev4 (thick orange line) is what you expect, but note that this case has no internal heat genaration. All the IDF files and this chart are here.
