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How can I apply glass surface treatments (frit/film) in OpenStudio?

asked 2016-08-17 17:00:37 -0600

Firuz19's avatar

Hello,

Here is the situation I'm trying to address: I have a situation where there is an existing office building and a new building is being designed parallel to the north side. The new building has an all-glass façade and there is a concern that the sun reflectance off the glass will add heat/glare on to the existing building. I ran a simulation using OpenStudio to quantify the zone air temperature illuminance deltas based on the existing building as-is and with the new glass façade building to the north. In short, there is an increase in heat gain and glare to the existing building.

So, to the address the glare, one possible solutions would be to apply a frit/film pattern of some sort to the glass of the new building to reduce the outside reflectance. My question is - how would I simulate this in OpenStudio? I assume this would be handled in the glazing construction layers, but are there any standard inputs or assumptions I need to make with this? On a related note, how would I go about simulating a 3% open roller shade on the interior of the building. In terms of output results, I'm trying to graphically show the glare reduction on the existing building through the radiance measure.

I appreciate any tips or guidance on this topic and apologize if this is already documented somewhere (I did try to look on this forum and in the OpenStudio tutorials).

Thanks! Justin

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answered 2016-08-24 11:57:57 -0600

Quantifying glare through simulation is very difficult. Hell, it's hard to do in any empirical manner even in Real Life[TM]. The OpenStudio Radiance measure attempts to tease out glare potential by reporting a variety of so-called dynamic daylight metrics. One, Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI), is a metric based on horizontal illuminance that awards for illuminance between 100 and 3,000 lux. The idea being that illuminance over 3Klux is going to potentially cause glare (and thermal comfort) issues. THe other way you could do this in OpenStudio is to place glare sensors in your model, and aim them at the facade you're concerned about. These sensors will report the "Simplified Daylight Glare Probability" (DGPs) for each sensor. This metric is also based on illuminance, this time it's vertical illuminance (and the sensor should be placed at the prevailing eye level).

Both of these methods are crude proxies for glare, but they can be calculated in a reasonable time frame and so you can evaluate for glare over the course of a whole year, and with the built-in window treatments in the OpenStudio app. Speaking of, the shade in OpenStudio is based on a light colored 5% openness shadecloth by a well-known manufacturer of French origin, now owned by a larger US conglomerate. ;)

Next up, frit. To do this correctly for glare evaluation, you should apply the frit pattern as an actual pattern in Radiance (typically using the mixfunc to apply the opaque or translucent frit over the clear glass). Alternately you could use the glaze script that comes with Radiance to compute relative trans values for a "blended" performance descritpion of your glazing, with frit. The latter option will not model the effect of direct sun coming through the clear glass areas around the frit. (OpenStudio does not support either of these methods directly.)

Last, the shade. The shade modeling options are similar to the frit. You could model the shadecloth as a pattern and apply via mixfunc, or you could generate a BSDF using genBSDF or using LBL's Optics 6 program. These methods would allow you to model arbitrary materials. Unfortunately OpenStudio does not allow you to specify your own shade for use in the annual Radiance simulation. There is a single generic shadecloth that is used when you select "shade" when creating a new shading control in the plugin or the app.

By the way, if interested in learning the details of rolling your own glazing materials for Radiance, I highly recommend Jack Devalpine's excellent blog post, here.

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Asked: 2016-08-17 17:00:37 -0600

Seen: 757 times

Last updated: Aug 24 '16