OpenStudio for Linux on Windows 10's Ubuntu?

edit

I wouldn't hold my breath just yet.

"Ubuntu on Windows" is purely console based. You won't be able to run a Linux GUI application on Windows. That would require full support for the X11 protocols, which is extremely unlikely to ever happen in this context. It also is not possible to use the Windows GUI parts, and have them run the background simulations with the Ubuntu executables. The two worlds are completely shielded from each other, an neither side can invoke processes on the other side.

Using multiple cores with Radiance/Ubuntu processes would require that the unix file locking API works reliably. I have no idea if that is the case (even native Linux took many years to get it right). If so (a big IF), then you could theoretically configure your model with Windows OpenStudio, and then open a bash and run the actual simulations manually using the Linux executables. But I doubt that this would really be a practical solution.