Duct Leakage in EnergyPlus

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There are two main approaches:

1. Use Airflow Network: This is a detailed, pressure-based calculation. It can handle complex heat transfer/interactions, such as the influence of duct leakage imbalance on infiltration, or radiation heat transfer, etc. Because it is detailed, it also requires detailed inputs. But you can define duct conduction/convection, duct leakage, and optionally duct radiation heat transfer.

2. Use Simple Duct Model. As the name suggests, this is a simpler model and has some assumptions/limitations. It's also new as of EnergyPlus 25.2. It was primarily developed to capture duct heat transfer without having to build out full airflow networks in the model.

You will want to review the documentation of each to understand their respective benefits and drawbacks.