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Yes, EnergyPlus has this exact feature for the reason of speeding up simulations. In the ShadowCalculation
object, there is an Output External Shading Calculation Results field that will export a CSV file. You can then import the CSV in a subsequent simulation using "Imported" in the Shading Calculation Method.
From what I can tell, there was a bug in v9.1 that got fixed in v23.1, so if you encounter a crash, update to a newer version of EnergyPlus.